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fcd7c82ce4
pgBackRest as Docker sidecar was overly complex (needs shared WAL directory, stanza management, special entrypoint). Replace with a simpler, proven approach using native PostgreSQL tools: Backup container (postgres:16-alpine): - Hourly: pg_dumpall | gzip (all databases as SQL, ~2 day retention) - Daily 03:00: pg_basebackup -Ft -z (physical backup, 30 day retention) - Auto-cleanup of old backups - Storage: /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/ Also: Remove pgbackrest.conf, simplify postgresql.conf (remove WAL archiving config, keep performance tuning + replication for basebackup) Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
132 lines
4 KiB
Markdown
132 lines
4 KiB
Markdown
# PostgreSQL Backup
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> Stündliche Dumps + tägliche Base-Backups für alle Mana-Datenbanken
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## Übersicht
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| Aspekt | Vorher | Jetzt |
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|--------|--------|-------|
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| **Frequenz** | 1x täglich (03:00) | Stündlich + täglich |
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| **Max. Datenverlust** | 24 Stunden | 1 Stunde |
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| **Backup-Typ** | Nur pg_dumpall | pg_dumpall (stündlich) + pg_basebackup (täglich) |
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| **Kompression** | Keine | gzip |
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| **Retention** | 30 Tage | 48h Dumps + 30 Tage Base-Backups |
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| **Automatisch** | LaunchAgent Cron | Docker Container (always running) |
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## Architektur
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```
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PostgreSQL (mana-infra-postgres)
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│
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└── postgres-backup Container (mana-infra-postgres-backup)
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├── Jede Stunde → pg_dumpall | gzip (alle DBs als SQL)
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└── Täglich 03:00 → pg_basebackup -Ft -z (physisches Backup)
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```
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## Backup-Speicherort
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```
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/Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/
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├── hourly_20260324_140000.sql.gz # SQL Dump (stündlich)
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├── hourly_20260324_150000.sql.gz
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├── ...
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├── base_20260324_030000/ # Base Backup (täglich)
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│ ├── base.tar.gz
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│ └── pg_wal.tar.gz
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└── base_20260323_030000/
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```
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**Retention:**
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- Stündliche Dumps: 48 Stück (~2 Tage)
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- Tägliche Base-Backups: 30 Stück (~1 Monat)
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## Container-Status prüfen
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```bash
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# Container Status
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docker ps --filter name=mana-infra-postgres-backup
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# Logs (letzte Backups)
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docker logs mana-infra-postgres-backup --tail 20
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# Backup-Größe
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du -sh /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/
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ls -lah /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/hourly_*.sql.gz | tail -5
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```
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## Wiederherstellung
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### Szenario 1: Aus stündlichem Dump (SQL)
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```bash
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# 1. Gewünschten Dump finden
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ls -la /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/hourly_*.sql.gz
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# 2. Alle Datenbanken wiederherstellen
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gunzip -c /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/hourly_20260324_140000.sql.gz \
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| docker exec -i mana-infra-postgres psql -U postgres
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# 3. Oder einzelne Datenbank:
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gunzip -c /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/hourly_20260324_140000.sql.gz \
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| grep -A 99999 'connect chat_db' | grep -B 99999 'connect ' \
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| docker exec -i mana-infra-postgres psql -U postgres -d chat_db
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```
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### Szenario 2: Aus Base-Backup (physisch)
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```bash
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# 1. PostgreSQL stoppen
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docker compose -f docker-compose.macmini.yml stop postgres
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# 2. Altes Datenverzeichnis sichern
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sudo mv /Volumes/ManaData/postgres /Volumes/ManaData/postgres.broken
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# 3. Neues Verzeichnis aus Backup erstellen
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sudo mkdir -p /Volumes/ManaData/postgres
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cd /Volumes/ManaData/postgres
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sudo tar xzf /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/base_20260324_030000/base.tar.gz
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sudo tar xzf /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/base_20260324_030000/pg_wal.tar.gz -C pg_wal/
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sudo chown -R 70:70 /Volumes/ManaData/postgres
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# 4. PostgreSQL starten
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docker compose -f docker-compose.macmini.yml start postgres
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# 5. Prüfen
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docker exec mana-infra-postgres psql -U postgres -c "\l"
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```
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### Szenario 3: Einzelne Datenbank aus Dump
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```bash
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# Chat-DB wiederherstellen (Drop + Recreate)
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docker exec mana-infra-postgres psql -U postgres -c "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS chat_db;"
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docker exec mana-infra-postgres psql -U postgres -c "CREATE DATABASE chat_db;"
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gunzip -c /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/hourly_20260324_140000.sql.gz \
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| docker exec -i mana-infra-postgres psql -U postgres -d chat_db
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```
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## Manuelles Backup
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```bash
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# Sofortiger Dump
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docker exec mana-infra-postgres pg_dumpall -U postgres | gzip > /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/manual_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).sql.gz
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# Sofortiges Base-Backup
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mkdir -p /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/manual_base_$(date +%Y%m%d)
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docker exec mana-infra-postgres pg_basebackup -U postgres -D /tmp/backup -Ft -z -P
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docker cp mana-infra-postgres:/tmp/backup /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres/manual_base_$(date +%Y%m%d)
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```
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## Erste Einrichtung
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```bash
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# Backup-Verzeichnis erstellen
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sudo mkdir -p /Volumes/ManaData/backups/postgres
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# Container starten
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docker compose -f docker-compose.macmini.yml up -d postgres-backup
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# Prüfen ob Backup läuft
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docker logs mana-infra-postgres-backup --tail 5
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```
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